HPV, or Human Papillomavirus, is one of the most common viral infections in the UK and across the world. It can affect anyone who is sexually active, regardless of age or gender. While many people with HPV never experience symptoms, the virus can sometimes cause serious health problems, including cancers.
In this article, we’ll explain what HPV is, how it spreads, and most importantly, how you can protect yourself.
What is HPV?
HPV is a group of over 100 related viruses. Some types of HPV cause harmless conditions like warts on the hands or feet, while others are considered high-risk and are linked to certain cancers, such as cervical, anal, penile, and throat cancers.
Most sexually active people will get HPV at some point in their lives. In many cases, the virus goes away on its own without causing any harm. However, when the body doesn’t clear the infection, it can lead to more serious health issues.
How is HPV transmitted?
HPV is mainly spread through skin-to-skin contact during sexual activity. This includes vaginal, anal, and oral sex. You don’t need to have penetrative sex to catch HPV — it can also spread through intimate skin contact.
HPV can be passed on even when an infected person has no visible symptoms or warts. It’s also possible to be infected with more than one type of HPV at the same time.
What are the symptoms of HPV?
In most cases, HPV doesn’t cause any symptoms. That’s why many people don’t even know they have it. However, some types of HPV can cause:
- Genital warts – small growths or lumps on the genital area
- Warts in the throat or mouth (rare)
- Cell changes that can lead to cervical cancer or other HPV-related cancers
Since there are often no obvious signs, regular screening is important for early detection, especially in women.
How does HPV affect men?
While much of the public awareness around HPV focuses on women, especially in relation to cervical cancer, HPV in men can also be serious. HPV in men can lead to genital warts and increase the risk of penile, anal, and throat cancers.
Men can carry and pass on the virus without knowing, making it essential for everyone – regardless of gender – to consider vaccination and practise safe habits.
How can you prevent HPV?
Preventing HPV is easier than you might think. While the virus is very common and can be passed on without symptoms, there are simple and effective ways to protect yourself and others. From getting vaccinated to making small changes in your daily habits, these steps can help reduce your risk of infection and related health problems.
Get the HPV vaccine
The best way to protect yourself is by getting the HPV vaccine. It’s highly effective at preventing infection from the most harmful types of HPV. In the UK, the vaccine is routinely offered to girls and boys aged 12 to 13 at school. However, it’s also available for older individuals who may have missed it, especially those at higher risk.
Practice safe sex
Using condoms and dental dams can reduce the risk of HPV transmission. While these barriers don’t offer 100% protection (since HPV can affect areas not covered), they still significantly lower the chances of catching or passing on the virus.
Attend regular screenings
Women aged 25 to 64 in the UK are invited for regular cervical screening (smear tests). These tests check for abnormal cells and the presence of high-risk HPV types before they develop into cancer.
Limit the number of sexual partners
Having multiple sexual partners increases the risk of exposure to HPV. Staying in a mutually monogamous relationship can lower the risk.
Boost your immune system
A healthy immune system can often clear HPV on its own. Eating well, staying active, not smoking, and managing stress can all help support your immune health.
Your Health, Your Choice – Shield Yourself from HPV
HPV is incredibly common, but it doesn’t have to be frightening. With the right knowledge, vaccination, and regular check-ups, you can take control of your health and reduce the risks linked to HPV.
Book an appointment at Nima Pharmacy for your HPV vaccine. Whether you’re a parent looking to protect your child, or an adult who missed the school vaccine, we’re here to help. Our experienced pharmacists can answer your questions and guide you through the process. Protect yourself and your loved ones with one simple step.